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Fri. Aug 1st, 2025
Baryum Simgesi Nedir? Baryum Elementi Periyodik Tabloda Nerede Yer Alır?

Sanayide birçok ürünün üretilmesinde, tıp alanında röntgen uygulamaları ve kanser teşhislerinde kullanılan baryum elementi periyodik tabloda nerede yer alır? Baryumun sembolü nedir? İşte, baryum elementi hakkındaki tüm detaylar…

Baryum Elementinin Simgesi Nedir?

Toprak alkali metali olan baryum elementinin simgesi, Ba’dır. Adını, ağır anlamına gelen ve Yunanca bir kelime olan “barys” kelimesinden alan bu elementin, bugün İngilizcede kullanılan ismi ise yoğunluk ve ağırlık anlamına gelen “barite” kelimesinden almıştır. Bu element için bu ismin seçilmesinin sebebi ise, baryumun dünyanın en ağır elementlerinden bir tanesi olmasıdır.

Baryum Elementinin Özellikleri

Baryum elementinin kimyasal ve fiziksel özelliklerini açıklamadan önce bu elementin nasıl keşfedildiğinden bahsetmek yerinde olacaktır. Baryum; barit minerali içinde bulunmuş olan bir elementtir. 1600’lü yıllarda İtalya’da bulunan ve yüksek ışımaya sahip olan bazı taşların, barit minerali olduğu anlaşılmış ve 1774 yılında kimyager Carl Wilhelm Scheel; baritin, bilinmeyen bir elementin sülfatı olduğunu keşfetmiştir. Baryumun keşfi ise 1808 yılında gerçekleşmiştir. İngiliz kimyager Humphry Davy, barit mineralini eritilerek tarihte ilk kez baryumu izole etmeyi başarmıştır.

Genellikle beyaz bir renge sahip olan baryum, ısı ve elektrik iletmekte oldukça başarılı olan bir elementtir. Yumuşak olmasından ve kolay şekillenmesinden ötürü tel ya da levha haline de getirilebilen baryum, hava ve su ile temas ettiğinde ise anında matlaşan bir yapıya sahiptir. Tüm bunlara ek olarak baryum; yüksek bir aktifliğe sahiptir ve sahip olduğu bu yüksek reaktivite sebebiyle doğada element halinde bulunmamaktadır.

Baryum sülfür, baryum sülfat ve baryum karbonat, oldukça zehirli olan baryum bileşikleridir. Baryumun yüksek bir aktifliği olması sebebiyle bu bileşikler, çok fazla enerji yayarlar ve ısıları da oldukça yüksektir.

Rezerv konusuna gelecek olursak Dünya’da yaklaşık olarak 1.5 milyar ton baryum içeren barit rezervi olduğu tahmin edilmektedir ve Dünya’daki en büyük baryum üreticisi ülkeler Çin, Hindistan ve Fas’tır. Türkiye’de ise 10 milyonu görünür; 20 milyonu ise potansiyel olmak üzere 30 milyon ton barit rezervi olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Çinko, kurşun ve gümüşün üretiminde de kullanılan baryum, sanayide birçok ürünün üretiminde kullanılmaktadır. Bir baryum bileşiği olan baryum sülfat, tıp alanındaki röntgen çekimi ya da kanser teşhisinde kullanılmaktadır. İç organların röntgenleri çekilmeden önce hastaya içirilen sıvının içinde, baryum sülfat bulunmaktadır.

Sanayide ise özellikle kâğıt imalatı, pil üretimi, yağlı boya imalatı, tekstil ve plastik sektöründe baryum sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Aynı zamanda tutuştuğu zaman sarı-yeşil renkli bir alev çıkarmasından dolayı baryum; havai fişekler ve seramiklerin sırlanmasında da kullanılır.

Bunlara ek olarak baryum bileşikleri ve baryum alaşımları; araçların fren balatalarında bulunan altlıklarda, kauçuk imalatında, fare zehrinde, deterjanlarda, makinelerin yağlarında, mumlarda da kendine yer bulmaktadır.

Baryum Elementi Periyodik Tabloda Nerede Yer Alır?

Yoğunluğu neredeyse demirin yarısı kadar olan baryumun atom numarası 56’dır. Bir metal olan ve Ba simgesi ile gösterilen baryum; periyodik cetvelin 6. periyodunun 2. grubunda yer almaktadır.

By admin

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